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Physics

Fundamental and applied physics.

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Position-Aware Scene-Appearance Disentanglement for Bidirectional Photoacoustic Microscopy Registration
PhysicsComputer VisionOptics & Photonics

Position-Aware Scene-Appearance Disentanglement for Bidirectional Photoacoustic Microscopy Registration

Researchers developed a technique to align microscope images taken from opposite scan directions, which could improve the speed and accuracy of photoacoustic imaging used for medical diagnosis and research.

preprint
A High-Level Survey of Optical Remote Sensing
PhysicsOptics & PhotonicsSatellites & Orbits

A High-Level Survey of Optical Remote Sensing

Advances in computer vision and drones have improved optical remote sensing, giving organizations new ways to monitor the planet from the air. This could lead to better understanding of environmental changes and new applications for drone technology.

preprint
PhysicsParticle & High-Energy PhysicsMaterials Science

NeuDiff Agent: A Governed AI Workflow for Single-Crystal Neutron Crystallography

A new AI workflow can speed up analysis of complex materials like single-crystal neutron data, helping researchers understand molecular structures faster and advance fields like materials science.

preprint
Toward a Fully Autonomous, AI-Native Particle Accelerator
PhysicsParticle & High-Energy PhysicsAlgorithms & Theory

Toward a Fully Autonomous, AI-Native Particle Accelerator

Researchers propose designing the next generation of particle accelerators using AI, allowing them to run with minimal human oversight. This could lead to faster, more efficient, and cheaper scientific discoveries.

preprint
PhysicsAstronomyComputer Vision

Deeper detection limits in astronomical imaging using self-supervised spatiotemporal denoising

New computer techniques can help telescopes see fainter, more distant objects in space, revealing more about the early universe.

preprint
Extending quantum theory with AI-assisted deterministic game theory
PhysicsQuantum ComputingAlgorithms & Theory

Extending quantum theory with AI-assisted deterministic game theory

Researchers developed an AI system that can predict individual runs of quantum experiments, potentially extending quantum theory by explaining contextuality and causality at a local level. This could advance our understanding of the fundamental nature of reality.

preprint
Universal Fine-Grained Symmetry Inference and Enforcement for Rigorous Crystal Structure Prediction
PhysicsCondensed MatterAlgorithms & Theory

Universal Fine-Grained Symmetry Inference and Enforcement for Rigorous Crystal Structure Prediction

Researchers developed a new AI system that can accurately predict the atomic structure of crystals, which is crucial for designing new materials with desired properties.

preprint
PhysicsAlgorithms & TheoryQuantum Computing

Contextuality from Single-State Representations: An Information-Theoretic Principle for Adaptive Intelligence

Researchers found that intelligent systems can adapt to multiple contexts using a fixed internal representation, which could enable more efficient and flexible machine learning. This could lead to more adaptable AI systems in the future.

preprint
PhysicsCryptographyQuantum Computing

HQFS: Hybrid Quantum Classical Financial Security with VQC Forecasting, QUBO Annealing, and Audit-Ready Post-Quantum Signing

Researchers developed a new hybrid quantum-classical system that can improve financial risk forecasting and implement secure post-quantum cryptography, potentially enhancing financial security and stability.

preprint
RPT-SR: Regional Prior attention Transformer for infrared image Super-Resolution
PhysicsComputer VisionOptics & Photonics

RPT-SR: Regional Prior attention Transformer for infrared image Super-Resolution

A new AI model can improve the quality of low-resolution infrared images used in surveillance and self-driving cars, which could lead to better object detection and tracking.

preprint
Algebraic Quantum Intelligence: A New Framework for Reproducible Machine Creativity
PhysicsGenerative AIQuantum Computing

Algebraic Quantum Intelligence: A New Framework for Reproducible Machine Creativity

Researchers developed a new approach to AI that can generate more creative and reproducible text by incorporating principles from quantum computing. This could lead to more advanced language models that can produce more novel and meaningful content.

preprint
PhysicsOptics & PhotonicsAstronomy

Award-Winning NASA Camera Revolutionizes How We See the Invisible

NASA created a special camera that can capture images of invisible air flow, helping engineers design better, safer aircraft.

report
Randomness and signal propagation in physics-informed neural networks (PINNs): A neural PDE perspective
PhysicsAlgorithms & TheoryMathematics

Randomness and signal propagation in physics-informed neural networks (PINNs): A neural PDE perspective

A new study found that certain neural networks, even with randomness in their makeup, can still propagate important signals reliably. This could lead to more interpretable and stable neural network models for scientific applications.

preprint
Tomography by Design: An Algebraic Approach to Low-Rank Quantum States
PhysicsAlgorithms & TheoryQuantum Computing

Tomography by Design: An Algebraic Approach to Low-Rank Quantum States

Researchers developed a new algorithm to efficiently estimate the properties of quantum states, which could aid in building practical quantum computers.

preprint
Outer Diversity of Structured Domains
PhysicsAlgorithms & TheoryCondensed Matter

Outer Diversity of Structured Domains

Researchers found that a certain type of mathematical domain allows for more diverse voter preferences in elections, which could lead to better representation of people's views.

preprint
Hybrid Reward-Driven Reinforcement Learning for Efficient Quantum Circuit Synthesis
PhysicsQuantum ComputingReinforcement Learning

Hybrid Reward-Driven Reinforcement Learning for Efficient Quantum Circuit Synthesis

Researchers developed a reinforcement learning method to efficiently design quantum circuits that can generate target quantum states. This could help make quantum computers more practical and useful for solving complex problems.

preprint
Qronos: Correcting the Past by Shaping the Future... in Post-Training Quantization
PhysicsAlgorithms & TheoryGenerative AI

Qronos: Correcting the Past by Shaping the Future... in Post-Training Quantization

Researchers developed Qronos, a new algorithm that can correct errors in AI models during the final quantization stage, potentially improving model efficiency without sacrificing performance. This could lead to more compact and powerful AI models for real-world applications.

preprint
A fully differentiable framework for training proxy Exchange Correlation Functionals for periodic systems
PhysicsCondensed MatterAlgorithms & Theory

A fully differentiable framework for training proxy Exchange Correlation Functionals for periodic systems

Researchers developed a more efficient way to simulate material properties using machine learning, which could lead to faster and more accurate predictions for applications like batteries and solar cells.

preprint
MerLean: An Agentic Framework for Autoformalization in Quantum Computation
PhysicsQuantum ComputingAlgorithms & Theory

MerLean: An Agentic Framework for Autoformalization in Quantum Computation

MerLean is a new tool that can automatically convert mathematical concepts described in research papers into verified computer code, making it easier for scientists to build on each other's work in quantum computing.

preprint
CARL: Camera-Agnostic Representation Learning for Spectral Image Analysis
PhysicsComputer VisionOptics & Photonics

CARL: Camera-Agnostic Representation Learning for Spectral Image Analysis

A new camera-agnostic AI system can analyze spectral images, enabling better use of this imaging technique in fields like medicine and urban planning, without needing to standardize cameras.

preprint
A High-Level Survey of Optical Remote Sensing
PhysicsOptics & PhotonicsSatellites & Orbits

A High-Level Survey of Optical Remote Sensing

Advances in computer vision and drones have improved optical remote sensing, giving organizations new ways to monitor the planet from the air. This could lead to better understanding of environmental changes and new applications for drone technology.

preprint
PhysicsParticle & High-Energy PhysicsMaterials Science

NeuDiff Agent: A Governed AI Workflow for Single-Crystal Neutron Crystallography

A new AI workflow can speed up analysis of complex materials like single-crystal neutron data, helping researchers understand molecular structures faster and advance fields like materials science.

preprint
Toward a Fully Autonomous, AI-Native Particle Accelerator
PhysicsParticle & High-Energy PhysicsAlgorithms & Theory

Toward a Fully Autonomous, AI-Native Particle Accelerator

Researchers propose designing the next generation of particle accelerators using AI, allowing them to run with minimal human oversight. This could lead to faster, more efficient, and cheaper scientific discoveries.

preprint
PhysicsAstronomyComputer Vision

Deeper detection limits in astronomical imaging using self-supervised spatiotemporal denoising

New computer techniques can help telescopes see fainter, more distant objects in space, revealing more about the early universe.

preprint
Extending quantum theory with AI-assisted deterministic game theory
PhysicsQuantum ComputingAlgorithms & Theory

Extending quantum theory with AI-assisted deterministic game theory

Researchers developed an AI system that can predict individual runs of quantum experiments, potentially extending quantum theory by explaining contextuality and causality at a local level. This could advance our understanding of the fundamental nature of reality.

preprint
Universal Fine-Grained Symmetry Inference and Enforcement for Rigorous Crystal Structure Prediction
PhysicsCondensed MatterAlgorithms & Theory

Universal Fine-Grained Symmetry Inference and Enforcement for Rigorous Crystal Structure Prediction

Researchers developed a new AI system that can accurately predict the atomic structure of crystals, which is crucial for designing new materials with desired properties.

preprint
PhysicsAlgorithms & TheoryQuantum Computing

Contextuality from Single-State Representations: An Information-Theoretic Principle for Adaptive Intelligence

Researchers found that intelligent systems can adapt to multiple contexts using a fixed internal representation, which could enable more efficient and flexible machine learning. This could lead to more adaptable AI systems in the future.

preprint
PhysicsCryptographyQuantum Computing

HQFS: Hybrid Quantum Classical Financial Security with VQC Forecasting, QUBO Annealing, and Audit-Ready Post-Quantum Signing

Researchers developed a new hybrid quantum-classical system that can improve financial risk forecasting and implement secure post-quantum cryptography, potentially enhancing financial security and stability.

preprint
Position-Aware Scene-Appearance Disentanglement for Bidirectional Photoacoustic Microscopy Registration
PhysicsComputer VisionOptics & Photonics

Position-Aware Scene-Appearance Disentanglement for Bidirectional Photoacoustic Microscopy Registration

Researchers developed a technique to align microscope images taken from opposite scan directions, which could improve the speed and accuracy of photoacoustic imaging used for medical diagnosis and research.

preprint
RPT-SR: Regional Prior attention Transformer for infrared image Super-Resolution
PhysicsComputer VisionOptics & Photonics

RPT-SR: Regional Prior attention Transformer for infrared image Super-Resolution

A new AI model can improve the quality of low-resolution infrared images used in surveillance and self-driving cars, which could lead to better object detection and tracking.

preprint
Algebraic Quantum Intelligence: A New Framework for Reproducible Machine Creativity
PhysicsGenerative AIQuantum Computing

Algebraic Quantum Intelligence: A New Framework for Reproducible Machine Creativity

Researchers developed a new approach to AI that can generate more creative and reproducible text by incorporating principles from quantum computing. This could lead to more advanced language models that can produce more novel and meaningful content.

preprint
PhysicsOptics & PhotonicsAstronomy

Award-Winning NASA Camera Revolutionizes How We See the Invisible

NASA created a special camera that can capture images of invisible air flow, helping engineers design better, safer aircraft.

report
Randomness and signal propagation in physics-informed neural networks (PINNs): A neural PDE perspective
PhysicsAlgorithms & TheoryMathematics

Randomness and signal propagation in physics-informed neural networks (PINNs): A neural PDE perspective

A new study found that certain neural networks, even with randomness in their makeup, can still propagate important signals reliably. This could lead to more interpretable and stable neural network models for scientific applications.

preprint
Tomography by Design: An Algebraic Approach to Low-Rank Quantum States
PhysicsAlgorithms & TheoryQuantum Computing

Tomography by Design: An Algebraic Approach to Low-Rank Quantum States

Researchers developed a new algorithm to efficiently estimate the properties of quantum states, which could aid in building practical quantum computers.

preprint
Outer Diversity of Structured Domains
PhysicsAlgorithms & TheoryCondensed Matter

Outer Diversity of Structured Domains

Researchers found that a certain type of mathematical domain allows for more diverse voter preferences in elections, which could lead to better representation of people's views.

preprint
Hybrid Reward-Driven Reinforcement Learning for Efficient Quantum Circuit Synthesis
PhysicsQuantum ComputingReinforcement Learning

Hybrid Reward-Driven Reinforcement Learning for Efficient Quantum Circuit Synthesis

Researchers developed a reinforcement learning method to efficiently design quantum circuits that can generate target quantum states. This could help make quantum computers more practical and useful for solving complex problems.

preprint
Qronos: Correcting the Past by Shaping the Future... in Post-Training Quantization
PhysicsAlgorithms & TheoryGenerative AI

Qronos: Correcting the Past by Shaping the Future... in Post-Training Quantization

Researchers developed Qronos, a new algorithm that can correct errors in AI models during the final quantization stage, potentially improving model efficiency without sacrificing performance. This could lead to more compact and powerful AI models for real-world applications.

preprint
A fully differentiable framework for training proxy Exchange Correlation Functionals for periodic systems
PhysicsCondensed MatterAlgorithms & Theory

A fully differentiable framework for training proxy Exchange Correlation Functionals for periodic systems

Researchers developed a more efficient way to simulate material properties using machine learning, which could lead to faster and more accurate predictions for applications like batteries and solar cells.

preprint
MerLean: An Agentic Framework for Autoformalization in Quantum Computation
PhysicsQuantum ComputingAlgorithms & Theory

MerLean: An Agentic Framework for Autoformalization in Quantum Computation

MerLean is a new tool that can automatically convert mathematical concepts described in research papers into verified computer code, making it easier for scientists to build on each other's work in quantum computing.

preprint
CARL: Camera-Agnostic Representation Learning for Spectral Image Analysis
PhysicsComputer VisionOptics & Photonics

CARL: Camera-Agnostic Representation Learning for Spectral Image Analysis

A new camera-agnostic AI system can analyze spectral images, enabling better use of this imaging technique in fields like medicine and urban planning, without needing to standardize cameras.

preprint
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